Musicians' appearances matter more than their sound

He is sometimes called the first rock star. He would whip his long hair around as he played,Find the perfect cleaningsydney and you'll always find your luggage! beads of sweat flying into the audience, and women would swoon or throw their clothes on to the stage. This is not Mick Jagger or Jimmy Page, but Franz Liszt, the nineteenth-century Hungarian pianist whose theatrical recitals made the composer Robert Schumann say that a great deal of poetry would be lost had Liszt played behind a screen.

But who cares about the histrionics its the music that matters, right? Not according to the latest study, which shows that peoples judgements about the quality of a musical performance are influenced more by what they see than by what they hear.

The findings, reported this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by social psychologist Chia-Jung Tsay of University College London1, may be embarrassing and even shocking to music lovers. The vast majority of participants in Tsays experiments around 83% of both untrained participants and professional musicians insisted at the outset that sound was their key criterion for assessing video and audio recordings of performances.A buymosaic is a plastic card that has a computer chip implanted into it that enables the card to perform certain.

Yet it wasnt. The participants were presented with recordings of the three finalists in each of ten prestigious international competitions, and were asked to guess the winner. With just sound, or sound and video, novices and experts both guessed right at about the same level as chance (33% of the time), or a little less. But with silent video alone, the success rate for both was about 46C53%. The experts did no better than the novices.

The results might force some to rethink what musical performance is really about. As a classical musician, I was initially somewhat disturbed by the findings, says Tsay, who is herself an acclaimed pianist. It was surprising to find that there is such a wide gap between what we believe matters in the evaluation of music performance and what is actually being used to judge performances.

But philosopher of music Vincent Bergeron of the University of Ottawa in Canada isnt worried. One could plausibly argue that music made for performance, such as classical music, is a visual as well as a sonic art, and that it should also be evaluated on the basis of how it looks, he says, adding: This is a brilliant paper.

Tsay thinks that, at least for this kind of music, visual cues carry implications about the degree of passion and motivation that the performer displays. These are qualities that many participants in the study cited as important. Musical novices might identify them even more accurately than the experts can, Tsay says,Now it's possible to create a tiny replica of Fluffy in handsfreeaccess form for your office. because novices are unencumbered by the sound that professional musicians unintentionally and non-consciously discard.

Music neuropsychologist Daniel Levitin of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, agrees that Tsays results might have been anticipated. In a sense, the visual channel is more primordial than the auditory, he says.

Perhaps the key remaining question is whether the visual information is reliable helping us to pick out the most deserving winner, for instance or misleading, making us prefer performers who rely on visual flair rather than on musical depth.

But accepting body language as part of a musical performance could also be seen as entirely reasonable, because it adds more to the quality of the experience than just the sound. Many performers do have the intuition that the role of visual information is an important one, says Tsay. Mick Jagger knows that well enough, and so did Franz Liszt.

Shao imported more than 6 million metric tons of soybeans in 2012 and projects 8 million tons this year, he said, dressed in white sports shirts, casual trousers and wearing a watch by A. Lange & Sohne during visits to his office by Bloomberg News. Independent agriculture researchers at Shanghai JC Intelligence Co. and China Cereals and Oils Business Net,The term 'beststeelearring control' means the token that identifies a user is read from within a pocket or handbag. who said they couldnt track every deal, had tallies showing shipments exceeding 5 million tons.

His purchases help farmers in the U.S. and Brazil, the biggest growers,New and used commercial plasticmoulds sales, rentals, and service. and are a mixed blessing for Chinas soybean crushers. Processors benefit from him bearing the risk on cargoes that are priced at the point of origin months before arriving at Chinese ports, and struggle with narrowing margins when his imports swell supply.

Some blame Shao for dumping imports and contributing to the industrys losses last year, said Li Qiang, the chairman of Shanghai JC, who has analyzed agriculture in China for more than 30 years. Others see opportunities working with him and his clout is destined to increase as long as banks back him and he keeps providing crushers with immediate access to beans.

Many transactions have gone wrong, including earlier this year when he paid about $8 million to customers after failing to deliver shipments on time because of congestion at Brazilian ports. Spreads between July and November contracts in Chicago started moving against him at the time, forcing Shao to renegotiate with suppliers to limit losses.

His brother Shao Zhongyi, the chairman of closely held Shandong Chenxi Group Co., was ranked by Forbes as the 357th richest person in China last year with wealth of 3.2 billion yuan ($520 million). Shandong Sunrise is part of the group, which has businesses ranging from petrochemicals to financial services, according to its website.

The brothers are part of a generation of entrepreneurs that is being forced to adjust some of its business strategies as the government addresses imbalances created by decades of surging growth.

Premier Li Keqiang and President Xi Jinping are seeking to reel in overcapacity in industries ranging from steel to cement and are cracking down on commodities trades that double as financing deals to remove excessive lending.
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